About Metabolic Syndrome
by GT&F
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7 May 2008
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Abdominal obesity (excessive fat tissue in and around the abdomen)
Atherogenic dyslipidemia (blood fat disorders — high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol
and high LDL cholesterol — that foster plaque buildups in artery walls)
Elevated blood pressure
Insulin resistance or glucose intolerance (the body can’t properly
use insulin or blood sugar)
Prothrombotic state (e.g., high fibrinogen or plasminogen activator
inhibitor–1 in the blood)
Proinflammatory state (e.g., elevated C-reactive protein in the blood)
People with the metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of coronary heart disease and other diseases related to plaque buildups in artery walls (e.g., stroke and peripheral vascular disease) and type 2 diabetes. The metabolic syndrome has become increasingly common in the United States. It’s estimated that over 50 million Americans have it.
The dominant underlying risk factors for this syndrome appear to be abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a generalized metabolic disorder, in which the body can’t use insulin efficiently. This is why the metabolic syndrome is also called the insulin resistance syndrome.
Other conditions associated with the syndrome include physical inactivity, aging, hormonal imbalance and genetic predisposition.
Some people are genetically predisposed to insulin resistance. Acquired factors, such as excess body fat and physical inactivity, can elicit insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome in these people. Most people with insulin resistance have abdominal obesity. The biologic mechanisms at the molecular level between insulin resistance and metabolic risk factors aren’t fully understood and appear to be complex.
The Prospect
If someone presents with overt diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, one can certainly call that metabolic syndrome regardless of any specific criteria or definition. It would, however, be an abbreviation, not a diagnosis; prognosis and treatment of that metabolic syndrome would be today what they were before metabolic syndrome was undeservedly granted a disease code.
How is the metabolic syndrome diagnosed?
There are no well-accepted criteria for diagnosing the metabolic syndrome. The criteria proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), with minor modifications, are currently recommended and widely used.
The American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute recommend that the metabolic syndrome be identified as the presence of three or more of these components:
* Elevated waist circumference:
Men — Equal to or greater than 40 inches (102 cm)
Women — Equal to or greater than 35 inches (88 cm)
* Elevated triglycerides:
Equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL
* Reduced HDL (“good”) cholesterol:
Men — Less than 40 mg/dL
Women — Less than 50 mg/dL
* Elevated blood pressure:
Equal to or greater than 130/85 mm Hg
* Elevated fasting glucose:
Equal to or greater than 100 mg/dL
AHA Recommendation for Managing the Metabolic Syndrome:
The primary goal of clinical management of the metabolic syndrome is to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Then, the first-line therapy is to reduce the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease: stop smoking and reduce LDL cholesterol, blood pressure and glucose levels to the recommended levels.
For managing both long- and short-term risk, lifestyle therapies are the first-line interventions to reduce the metabolic risk factors. These lifestyle interventions include:
* Weight loss to achieve a desirable weight (BMI less than 25 kg/m2)
* Increased physical activity, with a goal of at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity activity on most days of the week
* Healthy eating habits that include reduced intake of saturated fat, trans fat and cholesterol
How GTF Can Manage Metabolic Syndrome?
CHROMIUM Chromium is one of the component in GTF which is can helps to normalize blood sugar, potentiating the action of insulin (Glucose Tolerance Factor) and plays an important role in the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.
Chromium is an essential nutrient required for normal carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Insufficient dietary intake of chromium leads to signs and symptoms that are similar to those observed in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Dietary intake in the U.S and most industrialized countries is suboptimal due to the extensive processing of our foods.
The estimated and safe daily intake for chromium is 50 to 200 micrograms. Most diets, however, contain less than 60% of the minimum suggested intake. Supplemental chromium given to people with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes leads to improved blood glucose, insulin, and lipid variables.
Strenuous exercise, high sugar diets and physical trauma result in high chromium losses and increase the need for chromium supplements. Chromium has been also shown to improve lean body mass in humans and certain animals. A significantly increased rate of growth was observed in a group of malnourished children given a chromium supplement.
Response to chromium is dependent upon the form and the amount of supplemental chromium.
GT&F is an excellent source of biologically active chromium. No documented signs of chromium toxicity have been reported in the many chromium supplementation studies over the past three decades.
GLUCOSE TOLERANCE FACTOR Chromium is recognized as a trace element essential for human nutrition and it must be obtained from the diet. Chromium, as the central part of Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF), enhances the effect of insulin in the body. This factor improves glucose tolerance and insulin efficacy. Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) has been shown to be related to normal carbohydrate metabolism.
Chromium deficiency in humans leads to symptoms associated with diabetes such as glucose intolerance, unexpected weight losses and impaired nerve conduction.
Chromium deficiency occurs in older individuals, diabetics and those consuming large amounts of carbohydrates and sugars. Chromium supplements are suggested for those individuals.
Insulin requiring diabetics have been shown to have an abnormal rate of chromium absorption. During the first 24 hours after a single oral dose of chromium, the individuals absorbed two or more times more chromium than normal subjects.
Chromium potentiates or enhances the action of insulin, it does not replace insulin. With an optimum level of chromium in the body, less insulin is required to keep glucose levels under control.
A study with diabetics showed that inorganic chromium was ineffective in improving glucose tolerance while a six month supplement of high chromium yeast normalized the glucose tolerance as measured by the glucose tolerance test.
Biologically active chromium supplements, such as high chromium yeast, will decrease blood sugar of people with elevated glucose values (hyperglycemic) and increase that of those with low blood sugar (hypoglycemic).ESSENTIAL TRACE ELEMENT IN LIPID METABOLISM
Improvements in overall lipid metabolism, like those for glucose and insulin variables, are dependent upon the amount of supplemental chromium. Suboptimal chromium intake is associated with signs and symptoms of chromium deficiency that are similar to those for cardiovascular diseases.
Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high density lipoprotein (HDL) -cholesterol, total cholesterolIHDL ratio, and triglycerides have all been shown to improve in humans as well as animals following chromium supplementation.
Chromium supplementation of elderly subjects causes significant decreases in total cholesterol with larger decreases in subjects with the highest levels prior to supplementation.
Chromium supplementation in test group of men led to significant decreases in serum triglycerides and increases in HDL-cholesterol compared to placebo-treated subjects.
Chromium supplementation of patients being treated for diabetes led to significant improvements in diabetic symptoms and also increases in HDL-cholesterol.
Chromium may also help control hypertension. One study has shown prevention of sugar-induced hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Daily supplementation of chromium substantially increases HDL cholesterol, which is considered one of the best indicators of risk of heart diseases.
GTF WORKFLOW ACTIVITY
Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) is sometimes also known as “insulin booster.” Insulin must interact with GTF and insulin receptor to successfully send glucose into cells so it can be converted to energy. GTF can therefore be said to boost the biological activity of insulin and enhance the insulin receptors’ sensitivity.
By promoting the binding of insulin and insulin receptors and increasing the permeability of the cell membrane, GTF enables blood sugar to enter cells.
GTF thus helps insulin accomplish its function of reducing blood sugar.
As long as the elements of insulin, GTF, and insulin receptors are functioning properly, insulin can play its role as the body’s sole hormone responsible for reducing blood sugar.
But if any one of these three elements is missing, hypoglycemia and diabetes will occur.
Among diabetics5~10% lack insulin,
10% lack insulin receptors,
remaining 80% lack GTF .
Most people with diabetes got that way mainly due to a lack of GTF.
SOURCE :
www.nutriteck.com
www.americanheart.org
www.gtf.com.my
Insulin Resistance or Glucose Intolerance is characterized of metabolic syndrome
Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) For Metabolic Syndrome Treatment
The metabolic
syndrome is characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors in one person.
They include:
People with the metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of coronary heart disease and other diseases related to plaque buildups in artery walls (e.g., stroke and peripheral vascular disease) and type 2 diabetes. The metabolic syndrome has become increasingly common in the United States. It’s estimated that over 50 million Americans have it.
The dominant underlying risk factors for this syndrome appear to be abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a generalized metabolic disorder, in which the body can’t use insulin efficiently. This is why the metabolic syndrome is also called the insulin resistance syndrome.
Other conditions associated with the syndrome include physical inactivity, aging, hormonal imbalance and genetic predisposition.
Some people are genetically predisposed to insulin resistance. Acquired factors, such as excess body fat and physical inactivity, can elicit insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome in these people. Most people with insulin resistance have abdominal obesity. The biologic mechanisms at the molecular level between insulin resistance and metabolic risk factors aren’t fully understood and appear to be complex.
The Prospect
If someone presents with overt diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, one can certainly call that metabolic syndrome regardless of any specific criteria or definition. It would, however, be an abbreviation, not a diagnosis; prognosis and treatment of that metabolic syndrome would be today what they were before metabolic syndrome was undeservedly granted a disease code.
How is the metabolic syndrome diagnosed?
There are no well-accepted criteria for diagnosing the metabolic syndrome. The criteria proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), with minor modifications, are currently recommended and widely used.
The American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute recommend that the metabolic syndrome be identified as the presence of three or more of these components:
* Elevated waist circumference:
Men — Equal to or greater than 40 inches (102 cm)
Women — Equal to or greater than 35 inches (88 cm)
* Elevated triglycerides:
Equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL
* Reduced HDL (“good”) cholesterol:
Men — Less than 40 mg/dL
Women — Less than 50 mg/dL
* Elevated blood pressure:
Equal to or greater than 130/85 mm Hg
* Elevated fasting glucose:
Equal to or greater than 100 mg/dL
AHA Recommendation for Managing the Metabolic Syndrome:
The primary goal of clinical management of the metabolic syndrome is to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Then, the first-line therapy is to reduce the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease: stop smoking and reduce LDL cholesterol, blood pressure and glucose levels to the recommended levels.
For managing both long- and short-term risk, lifestyle therapies are the first-line interventions to reduce the metabolic risk factors. These lifestyle interventions include:
* Weight loss to achieve a desirable weight (BMI less than 25 kg/m2)
* Increased physical activity, with a goal of at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity activity on most days of the week
* Healthy eating habits that include reduced intake of saturated fat, trans fat and cholesterol
How GTF Can Manage Metabolic Syndrome?
CHROMIUM Chromium is one of the component in GTF which is can helps to normalize blood sugar, potentiating the action of insulin (Glucose Tolerance Factor) and plays an important role in the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.
Chromium is an essential nutrient required for normal carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Insufficient dietary intake of chromium leads to signs and symptoms that are similar to those observed in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Dietary intake in the U.S and most industrialized countries is suboptimal due to the extensive processing of our foods.
The estimated and safe daily intake for chromium is 50 to 200 micrograms. Most diets, however, contain less than 60% of the minimum suggested intake. Supplemental chromium given to people with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes leads to improved blood glucose, insulin, and lipid variables.
Strenuous exercise, high sugar diets and physical trauma result in high chromium losses and increase the need for chromium supplements. Chromium has been also shown to improve lean body mass in humans and certain animals. A significantly increased rate of growth was observed in a group of malnourished children given a chromium supplement.
Response to chromium is dependent upon the form and the amount of supplemental chromium.
GT&F is an excellent source of biologically active chromium. No documented signs of chromium toxicity have been reported in the many chromium supplementation studies over the past three decades.
GLUCOSE TOLERANCE FACTOR Chromium is recognized as a trace element essential for human nutrition and it must be obtained from the diet. Chromium, as the central part of Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF), enhances the effect of insulin in the body. This factor improves glucose tolerance and insulin efficacy. Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) has been shown to be related to normal carbohydrate metabolism.
Chromium deficiency in humans leads to symptoms associated with diabetes such as glucose intolerance, unexpected weight losses and impaired nerve conduction.
Chromium deficiency occurs in older individuals, diabetics and those consuming large amounts of carbohydrates and sugars. Chromium supplements are suggested for those individuals.
Insulin requiring diabetics have been shown to have an abnormal rate of chromium absorption. During the first 24 hours after a single oral dose of chromium, the individuals absorbed two or more times more chromium than normal subjects.
Chromium potentiates or enhances the action of insulin, it does not replace insulin. With an optimum level of chromium in the body, less insulin is required to keep glucose levels under control.
A study with diabetics showed that inorganic chromium was ineffective in improving glucose tolerance while a six month supplement of high chromium yeast normalized the glucose tolerance as measured by the glucose tolerance test.
Biologically active chromium supplements, such as high chromium yeast, will decrease blood sugar of people with elevated glucose values (hyperglycemic) and increase that of those with low blood sugar (hypoglycemic).ESSENTIAL TRACE ELEMENT IN LIPID METABOLISM
Improvements in overall lipid metabolism, like those for glucose and insulin variables, are dependent upon the amount of supplemental chromium. Suboptimal chromium intake is associated with signs and symptoms of chromium deficiency that are similar to those for cardiovascular diseases.
Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high density lipoprotein (HDL) -cholesterol, total cholesterolIHDL ratio, and triglycerides have all been shown to improve in humans as well as animals following chromium supplementation.
Chromium supplementation of elderly subjects causes significant decreases in total cholesterol with larger decreases in subjects with the highest levels prior to supplementation.
Chromium supplementation in test group of men led to significant decreases in serum triglycerides and increases in HDL-cholesterol compared to placebo-treated subjects.
Chromium supplementation of patients being treated for diabetes led to significant improvements in diabetic symptoms and also increases in HDL-cholesterol.
Chromium may also help control hypertension. One study has shown prevention of sugar-induced hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Daily supplementation of chromium substantially increases HDL cholesterol, which is considered one of the best indicators of risk of heart diseases.
GTF WORKFLOW ACTIVITY
Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) is sometimes also known as “insulin booster.” Insulin must interact with GTF and insulin receptor to successfully send glucose into cells so it can be converted to energy. GTF can therefore be said to boost the biological activity of insulin and enhance the insulin receptors’ sensitivity.
By promoting the binding of insulin and insulin receptors and increasing the permeability of the cell membrane, GTF enables blood sugar to enter cells.
GTF thus helps insulin accomplish its function of reducing blood sugar.
As long as the elements of insulin, GTF, and insulin receptors are functioning properly, insulin can play its role as the body’s sole hormone responsible for reducing blood sugar.
But if any one of these three elements is missing, hypoglycemia and diabetes will occur.
Among diabetics
Most people with diabetes got that way mainly due to a lack of GTF.
SOURCE :
www.nutriteck.com
www.americanheart.org
www.gtf.com.my
RECOMMENDED INFORMATION
Inter-related Between GTF & Diabetes
Researches show that GTF plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism in human body, while intake of trivalent chromium is closely correlated to the risks of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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